IGNEOUS ROCKS -One of the three main rock types.
-Igneous rock is formed by magma being cooled and becoming solid.
-melting is caused by one or more of three processes: an increase in temperature, a decrease in pressure, or a change in composition.
-igneous rocks make up approximately 90% of the upper part of the Earth's crust
-they are the oldest type of rock. The word igneous comes from the greek word for fire. -Igneous rocks are classified according to mode of occurrence, texture, mineralogy, chemical composition, and the geometry of the igneous body. -The slow cooling formed rocks with large crystals. Granite is an example of a rock that cooled slowly and has large crystals. -Igneous rocks form in three main places: where lithospheric plates pull apart at mid-ocean ridges, where plates come together at subduction zones and where continental crust is pushed together, making it thicker and allowing it to heat to melting.
WHERE IGNEOUS FORM:
Igneous rocks form in three main places:
where lithospheric plates pull apart at mid-ocean ridges.
where plates come together at subduction zones.
where continental crust is pushed together, making it thicker and allowing it to heat to melting.
TYPES:
Intrusive-
-when they form below the earths surface.
-coarse grained
-magma cools slowly
Extrusive-
- when they form on the earths surface.
- fined grained
- magma cools quickly
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS Vocabulary:
sediments - small pieces of rock that are moved and deposited by water, wind, glaciers, and gravity. lithification - the physical and chemical processes that transform sediments into sedimentary rocks. ( lithy comes from the Greek word lithos, which means stone.) cementation - occurs when mineral growth glues sediment grains together into solid rock. bedding - the primary feature of sedimentary rocks horizontal layering. graded bedding - bedding in which the particle sizes become progressively heavier and coarser toward the bottom layers. cross bedding - formed as inclined layers of sediment are deposited across a horizontal surface, erosion - the removal and transport of sediment Facts: -The formation of sedimentary rocks begins when weathering and erosion produce sediments. -Sediments range in size from huge boulders to microscopic particles.
-Chemical weathering occurs when the minerals in a rock are dissolved or otherwise chemically changed.
-When less stable minerals are chemically broken down, the more-resistant grains are broken off of the rock as smaller grains.
-After rock fragments and sediments have been weathered out of the rock, they often transported to new locations through the process of erosion.
PICTURES:
METAMORPHIC ROCKS - heat and pressure creats metamorphic rocks
- goes through physical and chemical changes
- formed deep in the Earths crust
- make up a huge part of the Earths crust
- examples of metamorphic rocks are: gneiss, slate, marble, schist, and quartzite
- layering in a metamorphic rock is called foliation
- when a rock is not layerd it is nonfloliated
- metamorphic rocks have a grain size anywhere from fine to coarse
- the texture in metamorphic rocks are banding and mineral alignment
- regional, is a type of metamorphism which is wen the heat and pressure increase
PICTURES:
ROCK CYCLE:
- the rock cycle describes the transistions threw the three rock types, igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic - the rock cycle is an illustration that explains how the 3 rock types are related to each other and how processes change from one type to another over time
-One of the three main rock types.
-Igneous rock is formed by magma being cooled and becoming solid.
-melting is caused by one or more of three processes: an increase in temperature, a decrease in pressure, or a change in composition.
-igneous rocks make up approximately 90% of the upper part of the Earth's crust
-they are the oldest type of rock. The word igneous comes from the greek word for fire.
-Igneous rocks are classified according to mode of occurrence, texture, mineralogy, chemical composition, and the geometry of the igneous body.
-The slow cooling formed rocks with large crystals. Granite is an example of a rock that cooled slowly and has large crystals.
-Igneous rocks form in three main places: where lithospheric plates pull apart at mid-ocean ridges, where plates come together at subduction zones and where continental crust is pushed together, making it thicker and allowing it to heat to melting.
WHERE IGNEOUS FORM:
Igneous rocks form in three main places:
where lithospheric plates pull apart at mid-ocean ridges.
where plates come together at subduction zones.
where continental crust is pushed together, making it thicker and allowing it to heat to melting.
TYPES:
Intrusive-
-when they form below the earths surface.
-coarse grained
-magma cools slowly
Extrusive-
- when they form on the earths surface.
- fined grained
- magma cools quickly
PICTURES:
WEBSITES:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igneous_rocks
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
Vocabulary:
sediments - small pieces of rock that are moved and deposited by water, wind, glaciers, and gravity.
lithification - the physical and chemical processes that transform sediments into sedimentary rocks. ( lithy comes from the Greek word lithos, which means stone.)
cementation - occurs when mineral growth glues sediment grains together into solid rock.
bedding - the primary feature of sedimentary rocks horizontal layering.
graded bedding - bedding in which the particle sizes become progressively heavier and coarser toward the bottom layers.
cross bedding - formed as inclined layers of sediment are deposited across a horizontal surface,
erosion - the removal and transport of sediment
Facts:
-The formation of sedimentary rocks begins when weathering and erosion produce sediments.
-Sediments range in size from huge boulders to microscopic particles.
-Chemical weathering occurs when the minerals in a rock are dissolved or otherwise chemically changed.
-When less stable minerals are chemically broken down, the more-resistant grains are broken off of the rock as smaller grains.
-After rock fragments and sediments have been weathered out of the rock, they often transported to new locations through the process of erosion.
PICTURES:
METAMORPHIC ROCKS
- heat and pressure creats metamorphic rocks
- goes through physical and chemical changes
- formed deep in the Earths crust
- make up a huge part of the Earths crust
- examples of metamorphic rocks are: gneiss, slate, marble, schist, and quartzite
- layering in a metamorphic rock is called foliation
- when a rock is not layerd it is nonfloliated
- metamorphic rocks have a grain size anywhere from fine to coarse
- the texture in metamorphic rocks are banding and mineral alignment
- regional, is a type of metamorphism which is wen the heat and pressure increase
PICTURES:
ROCK CYCLE:
- the rock cycle describes the transistions threw the three rock types, igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic
- the rock cycle is an illustration that explains how the 3 rock types are related to each other and how processes change from one type to another over time
PCITURES:
the rock cycle